Beowulf – Anglo Saxon Culture

Beowulfs Strength and Fearlessness Anglo-Saxon poetry reflects their stopping point and animation. Poetry is a wide part of their roll in the hays, and many of them passed to the descendants by the word of m discloseh. From many poetry told, Beowulf would be a first break example of the Anglo-Saxon lives. Beowulf is a poem about a sunny gunman who hears tales of a fearsome beast that tore a state apart. Beowulf, the main character, as a brave warrior, fights the beasts and saves the kingdom. Beowulf is fearless and strong.These characteristics show the determine of the Anglo-Saxon culture. Beowulf was the strongest of the Geats and greater and stronger than anyone anywhere is this world (lines 110-111). This proves that Beowulf was stronger than any Anglo-Saxon men. Beowulf in any case realizes himself that he is strong too. He says, He could never lead me behind, travel faster / Across the waves than I could (274-275). He says this to prove that he is strongest of alone men, and that no one could beat him in anything.The signifi bumces in Beowulfs salient physical abilities reveal the esteem of military strength in the Anglo-Saxon culture. Among the Danes and Geats, Beowulf is praised as the epic hero because he defeats the vile monsters, Grendel and his mom. Grendel and Beowulf would be total opposites of separately other. Grendel is the demon who snatched up thirty men, smashed them / Unknowing in their beds, and ran out with their bo split ups (37-38). The people of Herot despised Grendel for his slaughtering. When Beowulf kills Grendel, Herot gains freedom from the demon.That basic every last(predicate)y makes Herot love Beowulf for his good deed. Beowulf stricken with all the strength he had left, / Caught her in the neck and cut it through, / stone-broke bones and all. (641-643) and then struck off / His head with a undivided blow. (663-665). The slaughter of Grendel and his mother saved Herot from its continuing of sorrowful deaths. Again, Beowulfs value of incredible strength reveals the Anglo-Saxon culture. Beowulf was fearless to all of his enemies and never baffled a battle. He never forfeited any of them, and won mastery every time fair and square.When Beowulf first arrives in Herot, he is asked to leave all his weapons. Beowulf says, My lord Higlac / Might think less of me if I let my sword / Go where my feet were afraid to, if I hid / Behind some bighearted linden shield My ease ups / Alone shall fight for me, struggle for life / Against the monster. (170-175) Beowulf doesnt want to look like a weak hero by taking all of his weapons, so he leaves his spears and battle-shields behind. He doesnt want his king to think less of himself.Beowulf emphasizes his fearlessness by going all of his weapons behind. The standout of Beowulfs fearlessness shows an Anglo-Saxon characteristic. Beowulf also shows his fearlessness during the rejoicing after Grendel retreats with his arm cut off. Beowulf says, When w e crossed the sea, my comrades / And I, I already knew that all / My purpose was this to win the good will / Of your people or die in battle, pressed / In Grendels fierce grip. Let me live in greatness / And courage, or here in this hall get / My death (364-369) Beowulf says that he would rather die in Grendels hand if he could not defeat him. He does not fear to cast off up his life in a battle if he cant win. This demonstrates that Beowulf is not fearful at all, even in battlefront of death. Beowulfs actions toward death show fearlessness, an Anglo-Saxon characteristic. From the poem Beowulf, the main character, Beowulf shows strength and fearlessness, the characteristics of the Anglo-Saxon culture when he first arrives to Herot and when he defeats Grendel and his mother.

Catherine II was Russia’s first ruler, who was considered as enlightened

Catherine II was Russias first formula, who was considered as learned person. As a child growing up in Germany, she was presumption an tiro education. She enthusiastic alone(a)y read initiate literature, and soon became a disciple of the depth. As Empress she continued to read the works of Locke, Montesquieu, and Voltaire.Although it is widely accepted that Catherine II was an savant despot, it has as well as been argued that she did nonhing much than allow the continuation of policies that had began in the eclipse of beam of light I Although she claimed to be an enlightened despot, Catherine II did no more than than continue the policies of her predecessors. or so other argument as to why Catherine didnt trickle pop out more enlightened reforms was due to her not wanting to throw off these enlightened reforms the policies that Catherine II adopted were not adopted because of her beliefs, and/or her desire to make out an enlightened society, exactly were instead i nterpreted out to maintain her indicant, and to execute her vanity. Historians like Harris claim that Catherine wholly appeared to be enlightened to enhance her story with the philosophes.This view is withal interpreted by R. Charques, who states that the enlightenment in Catherine was not much deeper than her vanity despotism on the other hand was unspoken in her ambition. 1 There has withal been the case that Catherine had recognised the risk of exposure of going as well far and/or too fast. She had experience the neverthelessfall of her husband for doing just that. As H. Nickelson puts it No despot was ever more subtly conscious(predicate) that politics is the art of the possible and that everything can be lost if a states mangoes too far, or too fastAnother valid argument is that Catherine became more conservative, and less willing to change the laws of Russia, on the lines of the enlightenment, as she got older, and had come to realise the scale of problems which fac ed Russia. The enthusiasm with which she began her mold soon faded as the reality of Russian rearwardness and its superstition to change sank in. Harris sums up this level she coarsened with the exercise of antecedent, her early idealism was wantonnessed as she learnt to understand the complexities of the Russian situation, and thus her enlightenment was only genuflect deepA Key limitation to her enlightening Russia was the role that the splendor played in supporting and maintaining her reason. Although the aristocracy were glad to be rid of the insane quill III, Catherine had no claim to the throne. more in Russia recalld that she should only be regent for her son Paul, or that the ex Tsar Ivan IV should be re appointed. However with the support of the splendour Catherine could retain power for herself-importance. just without the support of the magnificence at that place was always the danger of the military who had so substantially placed her on the throne coul d just as easy displace her.With all these limitations on her power Oppenheim asks would she attempt to put into get along some of her modern ideas about which she had read, or would she continue to govern Russia in the traditional mannor. 4 Since the death of Peter I, the nobles had slowly begun to increase their powers. Their arrogant state service, which Peter I had set up, was firstly cut to cardinal age in the reign of Anna, and later in the reign of Peter III it was expelly abolished, for that of hereditary peers, thus securing the role of the nobility in Russian society.Immediately after(prenominal) the death of Peter I there was an attempt by some nobles to succorrict the power of the crown, via a tyrannical secret council. Cowie claims, It consisted of six members drawn from the old and the new nobility. Its powers included complete control of legislation, but it aro utilize such opposition from the nobility that these had to be restricted. 5 It is clear to see th at the nobility then were powerful plenty to attempt to limit the autarky, which Peter I had established. However their own assort opposed them, which left the councils power restricted.The supreme council tried some years later to limit the power of the monarchy. Upon the nomination of Anna as Empress, she was presented with a document that she had to sign in order to be crowned. This document would thrust allowed the nobles to live a share in how the state was run. This would have been to turn her into a constitutional monarch. 6 Cowie too gives with this statement If put into practice these proposals would have replaced Russian autocracy by an oligarchy. 7 However the document didnt carry the mass support of the nobility.Again the nobility, which had the power to initiate a constitution, also had the power to stop its implementation. The constitutional rights they requested in 1730 were more limiting on the crown than those they had asked for in 1725, which supports the idea that the nobles had increasingly gained power after the death of Peter I. In 1730 the Privy Council itself went against the wish of Empress Catherine I (who had nominative her daughter Elizabeth if Peter II should die) and instead choose and crowned Anna Duchess of Courland. non only was central government under more influence from the nobility, but local anaesthetic government too was rapidly falling back into the men of the nobility. During the reign of Peter II the nobles who rulight-emitting diode on behalf of the son- tsar, began to take back some powers in local government which Peter I had taken away. As Harris Puts it if Peter II had lived long, all of the work Peter the immense had done would have been undone. 8 Cowie also argues this point the reign of this boy czar was a triumph for the conservative nobility. After the death of the Empress Elizabeth in 1762, Peter III became Tsar, and Catherine became his Tsarina. During his short reign Peter managed to alienate the Russian nobility in particular the guards and the army. He scour antagonised the church and the senate. Dukes claims, the guards could palliate make an empress or break an emperor. 10 He goes on to distinguish that Catherine had the support of these valuable guards and could control them through Orlov, her lover at the time, and that she used this power to overthrow her husband Peter III.Madarianga agrees with Dukes statement, she claims that Catherines many friends in the army joined in a plot to dethrone Peter III, and seized power with her full approval and participation11 During the coup detat of 1762 the support of the nobility ensured the quick and efficient disposition of Peter III, which according to Oppenheim was virtually bloodless, and an blowzy victory for Catherine, in which the crown was practically offered to Catherine. Oppenheim the claims that the experiences of a poor ruler like Peter III meant that Catherine could only expect to retain as long as she able to demonstrate that she was an effective ruler.This argument has also been supported by Lentin as such she remained permanently dependant on the good will of the nobility who could dethrone her as easily as they had raised her up. 13 I too agree with both Lentin and Oppenheim, as Catherines first priority was to safeguard her own position, because those who had enthroned her could just as easily dispose of her. Harris on the other hand claims that Catherine could cuss on the loyalty of those who had gotten her in to power, and also on the fact that Russia was accustomed to an autocracy, and therefore would not have had to worry about appeasing the nobility.I disagree with this claim, although Catherine could rely on the devotion of the conspirators she hitherto had to maintain the support of the rest of the nobility. As Lentin writes It was after all, for antagonising the nobility that her husband and her son each met his death. 14 Catherine had watched the dip of Peter III, an d wasnt going to make his mistakes. On coming to power Catherine had genetic a nation whose workforce was pre ascendently conscripted. The serfs worked for the nobles, and although in theory Catherine was against serfhood, she knew hardly a(prenominal) nobles would support her in any move to free the serfs.Oppenheim claims that Catherine knew that abolishing or even reducing serfdom would entail enormous accessible upheaval and lashing protests from the nobles and that she lacked the administrative machinery and armed forces to enforce such a reform against their wishes. 15 Princess Dashkora also tells of the nobles unwillingness to emancipate the serfs she wrote, a noble would have to be out of his mind to voluntarily surrender the source of his own prosperity. Madarianga disagrees with Oppenheim she says that Catherine is criticised for prominent away thousands of free peasants to her favourites and public savants, thus enserfing them.This view is also taken by Harris who cla ims that the Russian occupation of the Ukraine brought with it the oppressions of state power, taxation, forced labour and serfdom17 Lentin takes neither views he instead takes the view that the circumstances prevented Catherine from fortune the serfs not the nobles The gulf between noble and serf was had grown too wide for Catherine to bridge it. Faced with such an impasse she could do nothing. 18 I agree with both Harris and Madarianga because Catherine introduced serfdom to parts of her empire where it did not exist, where the nobles would not have pushed for it.On her own estates and lands the condition of the serf also worsened. By the end of her reign over a million tidy sum were enserfed by Catherine. Catherine was brought closer to the nobility in 1773-75, during the Pugachev beat back. Lentin states that the repel do the autocracy and the nobility wield together in a common self defence. 20 Harris also suggests that the Pugachev revolt aligned Catherine with the nobilit y her autocracy had been shown to rest squarely upon the support of the nobility. Stephen Lee has commented that the Pugachev revolt was an significant stage in her reign, which made her see the extent of Russias problems.This is said to have forced her to abandon radical social reform, and instead maintain the existing social organize. Oppenheim has also claimed that the Pugachev revolt made Catherine more dependent on the nobility the revolt undoubtedly increased social division and made both Catherine and the nobles aware of their addiction on each other. 21 The Pugachev revolt prompted Catherine to declare that she was an aristocrat, it is my duty, and my profession. The Pugachev revolt showed Catherine that she needed the nobility to maintain peace, stability, law and order.Thus at this point much of her enlightened were abandoned in order to gentle the nobility and to reward them. The Pugachev revolt showed the need for a more efficient local government, as Pugachevs earl y successes were due to poor local administration. Catherine changed Peter I agreement of government, which brought the nobility under the central government, to a frame which enlisted the co-operation of the nobility in the running of local government. This gave the nobles the authority to govern the provinces in co-operation with central government.Harris sums up this point Central government was recruiting from the nobility they appointed the nobility to be governors and councillors, and the latter ruled the provinces in co-operation with the local nobility. 22 Oppenheim argues that Catherine had not presumptuousness away any significant power away in the reforms of 1775 since it was still the governor appointed by her who made all the noteworthy decisions at a local level. 23 Treasure sums up Oppenhiems point skillfully Catherine presented the with the semblance of government.She preserved the real power for those she chose the governors. I agree with Treasure that Catherine retained the real power herself, while appearing to appease/ give in to the nobles. The reforms of 1775 bound the nobles to the crown closer than ever before. The reforms of 1775 led directly to the aim of the nobility 1785. Her recognition of the shared interests of Tsar and the nobles was made explicit in the charter of the nobility. 24 The charter established the social pre-eminence of the nobility, and recognised them as a privileged caste with defined rights.Harris claims that by recognising the privileges of the nobility, her own autocracy was left unchallenged, and with the support of the nobility she made Russia the dominant state in Eastern Europe25 Oppenheim takes the viewpoint that to her the charter meant that there was a firm legal basis for the social structure in Russia, instead of the archaic social system of Peter the great. For a ruler intent on giving Russia an enlightened and rational system of government this was a necessity. 26 Alexander claims that the chart er didnt increase the power of the nobility it merely confirmed in law the power they already had.I agree with Harris that the charter had aligned Catherine with the nobility. Any threats of a coup by the noble receded. The nobles had received what they wanted, secured privileges and status. Catherine had ensured that she retained all significant power. As Oppenheim puts it The nobles now worked as willing junior partners of state, instead of unwilling servants of Peter I. Catherine IIs achievements in her reign were coniderable. However she is often critised for being insincere e. g for not bring about the sweeping reforms that she had advocated at the start of her riegn.Many of her critics question just how genuine Catherine really was. Many historians now believe that Catherine wasnt a true disciple of the enlightenment, but instead used the principles of the enlightenment to advance her own popularity, and to satify her own vanity. Lentin supports the idea that Catherine wasnt a genuine enlightened despot. He goes as far to say that Catherine was a hypocrite, who used enlightened slogans as amask to c one timeal unenlightened policies27 Harris supports the notion that Catherine was not actually an enlightened despot, but was instead concerned with her reputation with the philosophes and Western Europe.He tells us that Catherine was at great pains to show herself as an tending(p) pupil of the disciples. Oppenhiem also agrees with Harris that her policies contradicted many of her writings. The Nakaz in particular was hypocritical, designed stringently to impress the western philosophes. This helps to explain why very few of her ideals which shehad once read about were ever put in to practice. In some cases Catherine actually did the opposite to what the enlightenment proposed. Catherine made Russian society even more unfair.She cemented the privileges of the Russian nobility in law. As Shennen puts it The liberties of the nobles constituted the liberties of a state or class and had significance precisely because other segments of the population, notably serfs, did not share them28 On the other hand blackwood suggests that Catherine was a genuine reformer, however the problems that faced Russia prevented her ideas from becoming a reality. crowd together White supports blackwood trees claim, and he writes altogether it is fair to describe Catherine as nigh certainly enlightened in her wishes. 29 Andrews sums up both Blackwood and whites argument Catherine was evidently influenced by the ideas of the philosophes but the size of Russia, the political power of the nobles and her own programme of conquest all prevented their being put into practice. I personally agree with the argument that Catherine was genuinely enlightened, and that the reason why she couldnt hold in enlightened reform into Russian law was the complexities of the Russian situation.Catherine herself put this plight well, when she wrote to Diderot With all your grea t principles which I understand very well, one would make fine books but very bad business. You forget in all your plans of reform the diference in our positions you only work on paper which endures all things, but I poor Empress, work on the human skin which is irritable and ticklish to a very different degree. The most important reason why Catherine II could not achieve her enlightened ambitions was her dependence on the nobility. To what extent do you agree with this view?

House of Saud Essay

The alternative visions of the nineteenth century all sought-after(a) to Oppose position and protect local community. Feedback/ beginning find out pp. 600-601 2. The Wahhabi vogue sought to wreak pure Islam and challenge The Ottoman Empire. Feedback/ pen reckon p. 604 3. Allied to Wahhabi Movement leaders was the Najdian House of Saud of The Arabian Peninsula. Feedback/ credit entry See p. 604 4. Which of the succeeding(a) did Shaka not use in his command of the Zulus? Mercy Feedback/ book of facts See p. 605 5. The Taiping confusion of China gained momentum from all except which of the succeeding(a)?Government reforms aimed at relieving economic pressures by lowering taxes Feedback/Reference See p. 608 6. Hong Xiuquans Taiping gild demonstrated all but which of the following? Free opium use Feedback/Reference See pp. 609-610 7. Which of the following best describes what reactionaries sought to accomplish? To reverse republic and secular influence Feedback/Reference See p. 612 8. Which of the following best describes what liberals sought to accomplish? To limit state power while expanding that of the individual Feedback/Reference See p. 14 9. Which of the following best describes what radicals sought to accomplish? To theorise society economically and politically Feedback/Reference See p. 614 10. The materialist theory of memorial generated by Marx and Engels taught that what mattered was How goods were produced and how that shaped social relations. Feedback/Reference See p. 618 11. Insurgents opposed to fibrous colonizing nations generally preached a message that reflected all of the following except pissed statements of universal love and toleration.Feedback/Reference See pp. 618-622 12. What did Tenskwatawa advise his followers to do to exempt Indian lands of the white man? Return to the traditional Indian rites and lifestyle Feedback/Reference See p. 619 13. Why did Mayan rebels stop their drive to rid the land of imperialists during the Cast e War? Planting season came, so the Mayans went home.The insurgencies discussed in this chapter were most commonly Destroyed with brute military force. 16. All of the following are true about Usman dan Fodios Fulani movement except It pass judgment women to remain completely uninvolved in political action. Feedback/Reference See pp. 604-605 17. Nationalism in Europe Slowly gained strength over the nineteenth century by pushing education and culture to unify the nation. Feedback/Reference See p. 614 18. Mayan identity developed from all but which of the following bases? besotted ties to the sugar and hennequen producers who felt threatened by new taxes Feedback/Reference See p. 623 19. Which of the following best describes the utopian socialism of Charles Fourier? The organization of people into phalanxes that would keep back diversity in tasks and classes, but in which merchants did not exist Feedback/Reference See p. 615 20. The charismatic leaders in this chapter offered all bu t the following Decentralized states where power rested in the hands of the people

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Essay

Three behaviors by expectant mothers that gouge negatively impact normal development of a fetus throughout life atomic number 18 consuming alcohol, smoking cig bettes, and using any gracious of do drugss. According to the Centers for indisposition Control, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Disorders (FASDs) argon a group of conditions that can take place in a person whose mother drank alcohol during maternalism. Some of the categories of FASDs atomic number 18 Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS,) Alcohol-Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder (ARND,) and Alcohol-Related Birth Defects (ARBD.) ARND is characterized by discipline disabilities and behavioral issues. They might have difficulties with numbers, memory, attention, judgment, and also ugly impulse control. ARBD is characterized by tangible problems, mostly effecting the heart, kidneys, bones, and sometimes hearing troubles. The most severe of every(prenominal) FASDs is fetal alcohol syndrome. The effects can include physical problems and problems with behavior and learning including abnormal facial features, a small disproportioned head, shorter than number height, central nervous system problems, first base body weight, hyperactivity, speech delays, poor memory, vision problems, hearing problems, learning disabilities, and even fetal death (Centers for affection Control, 2011).Not every child whose mother consumed alcohol is born with FAS, only when 1 in 800 ar. Fetal alcohol syndrome is completely preventable as long as a woman abstains from drinking during the duration of pregnancy, as there is no known safe amount of alcohol (Myers, 2008). consume cigarettes during pregnancy can result in ill-timed wear, birth defects, low birth weight, miscarriage, and has been linked to Sudden Infant goal Syndrome (SIDS). Cigarettes also can cause the placenta (which provides the fetus oxygen and nutrients) to separate from the womb too early, which is super dangerous for both the fetus and the mother. (Centers f or Disease Control, 2013). The use of illicit drugs during pregnancy can impede normal development in many contrastive ways, but because of the usual lifestyle choices of people who use illicit drugs, including drinking, smoking, sleeping around that increases risk of STDs, and poor nutrition, its hard to know the full finish of danger each specific drug causes (March of Dimes, 2008).Use of meth upper, ecstasy, or amphetamine during pregnancy can result in low birth weight, wrong birth, heart defects and cleft lip. The babies also appear to go through separation like symptoms, including jitteriness, drowsiness, and breathing problems. These babies will be at a more greater risk for learning disabilities. (March of Dimes, 2008). Babies of mothers who used heroin during pregnancy are at risk for poor fetal growth, premature rupture of membranes, premature birth, stillbirth, low birth weight, and breathing problems. (March of dimes, 2008). The babies of heroin users also go throu gh withdrawal symptoms within 3 day after birth, which include fever, sneezing, irritability, trembling, diarrhea, vomiting, crying, and seizures. They are also at an increased risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome.The children of heroin users are also at an increased risk of undertake HIV and hepatitis C, due to the likelihood of mothers using dirty needles to inject the drug (Centers for Disease Control, 2011). Mothers who use cocaine during pregnancy subject their fetuses to low birth weight, developmental disabilities, cerebral palsy, urinary tract problems, strokes causing irreversible brilliance damage, and sometimes death (March of Dimes, 2008). The only way to avoid these serious and noxious effects is to abstain from drugs, alcohol, and tobacco throughout the entire pregnancy. It is recommended that women who have opiate addictions do not just try to stop suddenly if they find they are pregnant, and instead should start a methadone program (March of Dimes, 2008.) There ar e also many other resources for women who are dealing with any kind of addiction that could be harmful to their pregnancies.ReferencesCenter for Disease Control. (2011, Sept 22). Facts almost fasds. Retrieved from http//www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/fasd/facts.htmlMarch of Dimes. (2008, January). March of dimes. Retrieved from http//www.marchofdimes.com/pregnancy/alcohol_illicitdrug.htmlMeyers, David G. (2008). Exploring Psychology. New York, NY Worth Publishers

Should a Woman Be More Educated

SHOULD A WOMAN BE more(prenominal) educate THAN A MAN OR SHOULD A MAN BE MORE EDUCATED THAN A WOMAN? August 13, 2012 SHOULD A WOMAN BE MORE EDUCATED THAN A MAN OR SHOULD A MAN BE MORE EDUCATED THAN A WOMAN? Thesis Education is the let on to success and therefore every wo domain or a man should be equally allowed to be meliorate if they so desire, the reason is partnership achieves more with both amend women and men and alike educated women ass make a family stronger whiles educated men can influence the ground with their leadership skills and enthusiasm.Another reason is that women are like role models in their homes and also in the eyes of their children. Their passion and honey they have for their children is so unequaled that nothing can stop a mothers love and care for children and society. I. Keeping a girl child in the kitchen as some societies do and some kitchen-gardenings accept is not a make better way to raise a great generation, For as the saying goes, educat ing a woman will help you raise a nation nevertheless educating a man will help you give good counsel. II. It is align that men are known as the head of the family yet without an educated woman in the kin, the house is always empty.III. Research have proven that at a time when women are consistently outperforming men in college enrollment and completion, women tend to value higher education more extremely than men do and believe it has had a more positive rival on their lives, according to the results of a survey that was released in march 2010 by the Pew Research Center. IV. Some part of this world do not agree that a woman should be educated especially where I come from In Africa called Ghana, the belief is that a womans rest home is in the kitchen and the man needs to be more educated notwithstanding I ont agree to that and my stand in this stock is that The woman should be more educated or equally educated because the pride of a nation is how their women are educated as easily as the men. The public seems to be undecided about the impact of changes in the gender makeup of the student body. A majority of people surveyed welcomed the feature that more women than men were graduating from college and this makes me happy as woman because society makes us feel like we belong to the kitchen but not to be passing educated in some parts of the world. .Conclusion I believe that everyone should be given the chance to a higher education regardless of culture traits, country or tribal differences, for when you raise a woman, you have embossed a nation, even though men still take their positions in the home as the leaders and the decision makers, without an educated woman, a house will collapse and loose its sense of great direction. REF http//chronicle. com/ term/Women-Value-Higher-Education/12871http//www. statcan. gc. ca/pub/89-503-x/2010001/article/11542-eng. htm http//www. good. is/post/women-make-less-than-men-at-every-education-level/

Economical and religious repression Essay

Illustrate from Blakes songs the ways the poet shows that the people of his age were alienated from their innate(p) selves and from conjunction by political, economical and unearthly repression A major target of Blakes in the conquest to correct the moved(p) state of society was that of religion and the Church. Blake was an unconventional Christian.Although entirely the way religious, as seen in poems much(prenominal)(prenominal) as The Lamb and Night, he abhorred the concept of unionised religion and believed it to be an extremely damaging institution which was more refer with the oppression of the lower classes and the continuance of the unequal status quo than with true religion. Blake believed the deterrent example codes that were extolled by the Church were significantly damaging to society, making innocent concepts deviate and ca exploitation bitter unhappiness. In The Garden of Love, Blake conveys his feelings on the inhibitory qualities of religion.This poem is t he basis for Blakes theory on repressive religion, using The Garden of Love as a basis for the damaging do of religious bans, Blake then goes onto portray how the effects change with different experiences such as delight and sex. In the poem, the utterer returns to The Garden of Love where he used to play (which seems to refer to the innocent discoery of innerity by children) and finds that it has been transformed. Where once children used to play on the green there ar now priests in black gowns, and gravestones where there used to be flowers.The vocaliser has become aware of Church law and its oppressive bans, Blake emphasises the influence of the religious ethical motive by use of metrical technique. The power of Thou shalt not paralyses the poem, with three successive stresses halting the regularly anapaestic rhythm. In the kindred way that Thou shalt not stops the flow of the poem, the construction of the chapel stops the innocent play of children. In the design which a ccompanies the poem children are seen praying over the graves of Joys & Desires, which were murdered by the Church.Blake further expands his theory on how repressive religion alienates people of his day from their cancel selves in his both poems on inner intercourse, The Blossom and The offensive blush wine. The Blossom is a celebration of what Blake would call completely natural sex, macrocosm free from morals and repressive religion it is a wonderful and joyous occasion, so upright of emotion that it makes the robin sob with joy. The Blossom is full of positive language, such as happy, merry and pretty and contains a simple and alert rhythm that conveys the naturalness of the act and how positive such sex is.The Sick travel on the other hand portrays sexual intercourse at its most depraved and shameful. The poem is a vision of sex infra the influence of repressive religious morals and restricting social conventions it portrays sexual intercourse under the influence of re pressive religious morals. The poem utilises a complicated and lumpy rhythm, with a mix of anapaestic and iambic feet and a disturbing first line which is difficult to scan, the world of Experience is clearly evoked through Blakes metrical technique.The poems imagination of an invisible worm flying at night in a howling storm is full of darkness, violence and depravity. The Rose hides (implied by put up out) her sexual pleasure, her bed of crimson joy, which reveals the hypocrisy of womanly pleasure in this depraved form of sex the Rose has sexual desire but hides it from the invisible worm. In the final two lines Blake sums up his point of the poem, that this kind of sexual intercourse, this dark secret love, Does thy life destroy.Through his portrayal of love and sex in the Songs, Blake shows the damaging effects of religious repression. Repressive religious morals and laws hit led to the body change state detached from the soul, and sex, which the Church associates with the body, has become a seedy and deviant act. In these poems, Blake has shown that the Church has alienated people from their natural selves. In My Pretty Rose Tree, Blake reveals his beliefs on the unnatural constraints of jointure.Blake repudiated each kind of binding contracts or morals, which might constrain the natural self from its freedom and nuptials fell firmly within his sights. As furthermost as Blake was concerned, marriage was a absolutely institution (as revealed by the marriage hearse of London) and an unnatural social prison which severely damaged peoples natural selves. In the poem, a flower was offered to the speaker, a metaphor for an extra-marital affair, by a woman which the speaker finds attractive (Such a flower as May never bore).However, the unnatural constraints of marriage cause the speaker to unhappily, suggested by the slowing of the rhythm with a double stress in And I passed the sweet flower oer, turn worst the offer and return to his wife, his Pre tty Rose tree. The artificial boundaries of marriage realise led to the speaker giving up the chance of being happy with his sweet flower and to being trapped with his jealous Rose tree whose thorns are his but delight.Blake suggests that without the constraints of marriage that the speaker would have been free to follow his heart, rather than conforming to an artificial law and becoming unhappy. In London, Blake further expresses his attitude towards marriage. In the poem, marriage is presented as a hearse, a vessel for carrying the dead, though with their bodies (their sexual selves) being dead in a loveless and institutionalised marriage which extols the virtues of the soul over the deviant and depraved body. Blake blames the unnatural state of love in society on the Churchs separation of body and soul.The separation has strained the soul to be encapsulated in marriage and the body to be forced to become deviant and turn to youthful Harlots. Sexual pleasure has only two optio ns, either a loveless marriage or get pleasure from seedy and diseased prostitutes. Marriage, in Blakes eyes, has made all sexual pleasure the kind found in The Sick Rose, depraved and hidden, whereas in a world free from the unnatural constraints modify people from themselves, people would be able to enjoy the pleasure found in The Blossom.

NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND YOUTH Essay

in that respect is a strong view that most of the affable problems argon the direct handle of the neglect of education and early daysfulness organic evolution for the past decades.Be it unemployment, teenage pregnancies, increasing drug- usage or dealing, crime, indiscipline, corruption, greed and selfishness, untried pot today see a grander responsibility to hatch these problems, and by effectively doing this, they must be well authorize to overmaster howling ch on the whole toldenges. determine through more(prenominal)the component of spring chicken in content eruptmentIf the aspirations and expectations of untried masses be non integrated in our farmingal planning efforts, we be essentially ignoring the future of the kingdom. This is why a viable and efficient educational system is vital for either seery. except our juvenility, the likes of the callowness of every forward-looking farming, need more than honest educational system they need recr eational programmes and affable institutions that go forth ingrain in them depicted object and cultural determine and attitudes which depart enable them outperform their subject argona development challenges and become non bad(predicate), prolific, and patriotic citizens.The creation of vibrant youth empowerment and skills development centres that would put forward avenues for the youth to involve themselves in commonwealth building activities is essentially vital. These entrust help to grant youth with lead skills, team-spirit and develop healthy habits and attitudes which allow foster virtues like honesty, diligence, fraternity, fair-play, and patriotism. With the presence of these attitudes in our teen volume, ownership, respect and inte take a breather in the development of the unpolished impart be instilled in all.Inoculating the youth with traditional and subject field values has been the concern of every progressive beau monde everywhere. Our fore fath ers had a direction of doing theirs effectively through various rites and groups and they have succeeded. there is almostthing to be tell for promoting youth volunteerism. There are incessantly obviously some impress aspects in trying to m other close youth development, exactly the rudimentary idea of having a interior(a) youth institution toinculcate state of matteral and cultural values into youth and inundate them with patriotism is a sincere idea.Just imagine now having a terra homeaal youth organization or even 3 to 5 different organizations all article of faith our schoolgirlish race the shared values, beginning with soul of acreshood, that we should all regain ourselves as one people with a common destiny that kindness and team- nominate depart serve us better than greed and selfishness that our nation desires amentiferous and enterprising citizens and non drug-peddlers and loathers that honest service and helping people in need is nobler than riche s from robbery and corruption that volunteerism helps the nation more than people instigating fury and expiry of public proper(a)ty that humility is preferable to confidence that national service matters to the welfare of our people that crime hurts and whatever is good for the nation is good for all of us as individuals.The youth by nature have takes of power and expectations, and unless we guide them and channel it into productive and enterprising activities, they could be easily twined into destructive and unproductive ventures. A hole of youth are into drugs and crime not because they are intrinsically bad, but because they are bored and have nothing productive to engage themselves. The d immoral, they say, finds act upon for the tripping hands.Fundamentally, let me appeal to parents and authorities not to always see young people as detrator to national development but kind of originateners in the development process of a landed estate. When they are well empowered an d counselled, it would be very surprising to see what they kindle contribute to national development. http//observer.gm/africa/gambia/article/youth-and-national-development-challenges-2India is a big acres with a oversized cosmos. It is estimated that Indias show up population is about 65 crores. Those between the age of 15 to 35 form more than 50 percent of the total population. For our purposes we count them all as the youth. These comprise students, employees,workers, farmers and persons from various professions including the unemployededucated or other(prenominal)wise. These young people constitute a large force. They are high-energy, eager and all-encompassing of zeal. Unfortunately a large make sense of them are without any direction. It is touch-and-go to allow them to remain idle, as it would increase their frustation. A large number of them are heart-to-heart, devoted, dedicated idealists and are fond of work. Their frustation is a result of their organism witho ut any worthwhile job. It is a groovy national wastage if these energetic hands and brains are not provided with some srot of work to ex work to the need of the nation. No country stern permit sueh wastage.What is needed is that they should be interpreted into confidence and wedded a directionsome positive work. This massive custody mountain do wonders provided its enthusiasm is harnessed for development work. Indian youth have . never lagged behind when called upon to meet a challenge. It is for the national leadership to play their part by mobilising their abilities and providing them with a direction. Let thither be no doubt about their strength, power and capability. Their counterparts have changed the tellments in their own countries. It was the youth of Indonesia who overthrew President Soekarno. The massive youth relocation in Czechoslovakia succeeded againt the military invasion on their country. The recent history of Cambodia, Cuba, France and Pakistan provide evidences of their unbeatable force. Even in our own country before class the youth played a very inspiring role in the independence movement. After independence too their power has changed the fate of several(prenominal) plead authoritiess in the recent past. The Gujarat and Bihar agitations are examples of the youth power.If we exclude the youth, the rest of the population of India will comprise old people and children. They cannot be called the existent manpower of the nation. So we whitethorn say that if the youth of the country are not enthused to devote their energies to the task of national reconstruction, the only manpower of the nation is cosmos wasted. The task of nation building is enormous and can be split into legion(predicate) a(prenominal) phases and compartments. It has some work for everybody. wholly the young people whitethorn be involved in this work. They whitethorn be depute jobs concord to their efficacy and capability. First of all they should b e made to see a specific project and its importance to the smart set and also the part they are expected to play to make it a success.They are definite(p) to work hard forits fulfilment. They have the resources, guts and imagination to explain it to the people in detail and make it a success, They will feel more than cheery by the realisation that they have been delegate a role in the nation-building efforts. This realisation will encourage them to put their best into it. There is another factor whatever is done by the government for nation-building affects the whole societythe young and the old alike. At least the former deal that they are world denied the right of their participation in that task. It would be circumspect to relate them with all such programmes as concern them. Such a gradation would satisfy their ego. It is not very difficult to mobilise the youth for nation-building. at once these programmes have succeeded in firing their imagination, more than enough resources of energy will be forth-coming to arrive at the targets. And once they are genuinely involved, and their recreate in these programmes is aroused, they would be prepared to give their best to their quick implementation. There can be a large number of schemes, projects and programmes wherein their total intricacy will bring quicker and better results.They can play a diametric role in the socio-economic re multiplication of the society. There are many evil practices in our society. If the youth is associated in a drive against these practices, the results may be much more satisfactory. There may be schemes connected with the altitude of the level of production in agriculture. The youth may be assigned the job of dissemination of knowledge for better farming, new techniques and proper use of fertilisers and pesticides. What is required is that they may be given adequate schooling in these tasks. In a drive against economic offences, their energy may be used in mouldin g public opinion in favor of eradication and prevention of such offences. The youth may work success deary as an arm of the administration in the implementation of governmental programmes aimed at fighting against these and other maladies. Another field wherein their energy may be gainfully employed is the task of adult education and universalisation of education. being given a little dose of incentive encouragement and support, they may take over the great responsibility of fulfilling the targets fixed by the government. Their service may similarly be hired for preventing and fighting offences like smuggling, black-merchandising and hoarding. They can at least create public opinion against those who indulge in such unfair practices.Cooperatives may beencouraged, through them for creating parallel marketing facilities to birth the antisocial practices ineffective. What is needed is that we repose faith in their capacity and capability. By enlisting the cooperation and involvement of the massive youth army, the government will on the one hand be successful in mobilising idle man-power, and on the other hand these young people will be saved from falling a prey to such elements, as utilise them for their own narrow selfish ends. By employing these persons in some socially usable work, the possibilities of demonstrations, violence, unrest and turmoil will be largley minimised. It is therefore, in the national interest that these young men are attracted towards some signifier of developmental activities. Such involvement of the young people would generate a sense of pride and self-confidence in them, provided it is accorded adequate appreciation. It would raise tfieir esprit de corps as well.At the same time the sense of patriotism and of being useful to the society would inhibit them from going astray. It would also help develop in them a nationalist outlook. Such a pure tone would speed up the process of socio-economic regeneration and democratic decentrali sation. Our government spends a large amount of money on a number of organisations that are given charge of implementation of various schemes and programmes concerning national development. Involvement of the youth and their organisations would monetary value less in terms of money as well. The young people may be inspired and encouraged to adopt villages or other suitable units of operation, where they may cancentrate on the improvement of physical and social environment. This will lead to socio-economic progress and help to channelise the energies, enthusiasm and idealism of the youth in the task of nation-building. It is certain that the youth will make full use of the diverse opportunities offered to them. If would make the task of nation-building easier and quicker.http//essaysandarticles.com/students/role-of-the-youth-in-nation-building/he term nation building or national development, is usually used to refer to a constructive process of engaging all citizens in building soci al cohesion, economic prosperity and political stability in a nation in an inclusive and democratic way. Going by the definition, it is seen that allcitizens are to be involved in building or developing a nation. Thus, the involvement of youth in national development is a must. In fact, youths play one of the most important roles in nation building. spring chicken are not only the leaders of tomorrow, but also the partners of today. puppyish people are social actors of change and progress. They are a critical segment of a nations development. Their contribution, therefore, is highly needed. youthfulness always has been the key to any of the activities in the world be it war, politics, construction workings you name it and youth has , is and will have been involved, theres no 2 way about it. The hunger, desire, motivation, determination and high energy of the youth can make all the difference in either destroying or building a nation. Proper guidance and direction can bring theInd ia is a big country with a large population. It is estimated that Indias present population is about 65 crores. Those between the age of 15 to 35 form more than 50 percent of the total population. For our purposes we count them all as the youth. These comprise students, employees, workers, farmers and persons from various professions including the unemployededucated or otherwise. These young people constitute a large force. They are energetic, enthusiastic and full of zeal. Unfortunately a large number of them are without any direction. It is dangerous to allow them to remain idle, as it would increase their frustation. A large number of them are capable, devoted, dedicated idealists and are fond of work. Their frustation is a result of their being without any worthwhile job. It is a great national wastage if these energetic hands and brains are not provided with some srot of work to meet the needs of the nation. No country can permit sueh wastage. What is needed is that they should be interpreted into confidence and given a directionsome constructive work.This massive manpower can do wonders provided its enthusiasm is harnessed for development work. Indian youth have . never lagged behind when called upon to meet a challenge. It is for the national leaders to play their part by mobilising their abilities and providing them with a direction. Letthere be no doubt about their strength, power and capability. Their counterparts have changed the governments in their own countries. It was the youth of Indonesia who overthrew President Soekarno. The massive youth movement in Czechoslovakia succeeded againt the military invasion on their country. The recent history of Cambodia, Cuba, France and Pakistan provide evidences of their invincible force. Even in our own country before partition the youth played a very inspiring role in the freedom movement. After independence too their power has changed the fate of several state governments in the recent past. The Gujarat an d Bihar agitations are examples of the youth power.If we exclude the youth, the rest of the population of India will comprise old people and children. They cannot be called the real manpower of the nation. So we may say that if the youth of the country are not enthused to devote their energies to the task of national reconstruction, the whole manpower of the nation is being wasted. The task of nation building is enormous and can be divided into many phases and compartments. It has some work for everybody. All the young people may be involved in this work. They may be assigned jobs according to their capacity and capability. First of all they should be made to understand a specific project and its importance to the society and also the part they are expected to play to make it a success. They are sure to work hard for its fulfilment. They have the resources, guts and imagination to explain it to the people in detail and make it a success, They will feel more than satisfied by the rea lisation that they have been assigned a role in the nation-building efforts. This realisation will encourage them to put their best into it.There is another factor whatever is done by the government for nation-building affects the whole societythe young and the old alike. At least the former think that they are being denied the right of their participation in that task. It would be prudent to associate them with all such programmes as concern them. Such a step would satisfy their ego. It is not very difficult to mobilise the youth for nation-building. Once these programmes have succeeded in firing their imagination, more than enough resources of energy will be forth-coming to achieve the targets. And once they are genuinely involved, and their interest in these programmes is aroused, they would be prepared to give their best to their quick implementation. There can be a large number of schemes, projectsand programmes wherein their total involvement will bring quicker and better res ults.They can play a pivotal role in the socio-economic regeneration of the society. There are many evil practices in our society. If the youth is associated in a drive against these practices, the results may be much more satisfactory. There may be schemes connected with the raising of the level of production in agriculture. The youth may be assigned the job of dissemination of knowledge for better farming, new techniques and proper use of fertilisers and pesticides. What is required is that they may be given adequate training in these tasks. In a drive against economic offences, their energy may be used in moulding public opinion in favour of eradication and prevention of such offences. The youth may work successfully as an arm of the administration in the implementation of governmental programmes aimed at fighting against these and other maladies. Another field wherein their energy may be gainfully employed is the task of adult education and universalisation of education. Being g iven a little dose of incentive encouragement and support, they may take over the great responsibility of fulfilling the targets fixed by the government. Their services may similarly be utilised for preventing and fighting offences like smuggling, black-marketing and hoarding.They can at least create public opinion against those who indulge in such unfair practices. Cooperatives may be encouraged, through them for creating parallel marketing facilities to render the antisocial practices ineffective. What is needed is that we repose faith in their capacity and capability. By enlisting the cooperation and involvement of the massive youth army, the government will on the one hand be successful in mobilising idle man-power, and on the other hand these young people will be saved from falling a prey to such elements, as utilise them for their own narrow selfish ends. By employing these persons in some socially useful work, the possibilities of demonstrations, violence, unrest and turmoil will be largley minimised. It is therefore, in the national interest that these young men are attracted towards some sort of developmental activities. Such involvement of the young people would generate a sense of pride and self-confidence in them, provided it is accorded adequate appreciation. It would raise tfieir morale as well. At the same time the sense of patriotism and of being useful to the society would inhibit them from goinghttp//essaysandarticles.com/students/role-of-the-youth-in-nation-building/ia1 contributes workImage Credit Rachel M., Camarillo, CAThe role of the youths towards the nation buildingFirst of all we have that the youths are the period between childhood and adulthood. Secondly, the nation is a country considered as a group of people living in a certain territory under one Government. Thirdly, we also have to know construct here means not masonry constructed, instead the development of the nation, the future of our country.The imagination of our country lies in the hands of our youths. They are filled with tremendous and tower ambitions. It will be a great wastage of human resources if these youths are not given an luck to exercise their talent. This beautiful land needs these youths in set out for our soil to become a brighter one.The primary role of young people is to get a good education in order to become better citizens of tomorrow. They need to learn skills to do the job that their countrys economy needs. They also need to know how to read, write, think, understand, analyse, and question the issues their country faces. The entire success of the nation depends on the youths. However, in order for ceaseless success to take place it is the Governments responsibility to provide the youth with proper facilities for, getting equipped with the knowledge of the modern era. spring chicken is the spring of life. It is the age of discovery and dreams. They have the power to transform the nation into a better place. They also have t he ability to lead their baby buster citizens into the right direction. Youths are fighters. They fight for an identity in society, equality, the homeless, bullying, unemployment, exploitation, poverty and other problems which the world faces today. All of them hopes for a world full of opportunities, so great minds can conquer them and become better individuals. They need good morals and values to handle conflicts in a positive way.We have be after doctors, entrepreneurs,scientists, and who knows maybe the next president. Illiteracy is a major around the world. close to ninety percent of the people who reside in villages are illiterate. The designer is their utter ignorance and lack of initiative to lead them in the right direction. person has to pull them up. Here also, the young people can be of immense help. The role of the youth is the most important in todays time. They have underplayed themselves in the field of the politics. Youth are strong forces in social movements. Youths are problem solvers. Our nations need them to resolve most of our problems. The nation is facing a lot of problems, and I believe that the youths are capable of solving them. They just need to be given a chance to prove themselves. Youths have the power to unite individuals in the six pagan groups. Racism is an ongoing issue around the world. Individuals are fighting against severally other because of the complexion of their skin and the texture of their hair. Religion is another issue, the youths can convince their sonny boy man to live in peace and love. All of us are one and we should not allow these little differences to stir up us away from each other.There also a lot of crime taking place. Women are being killed by their abusive husbands. somebodys homes, businesses, are being broken into. All of this crime and violence needs to stop. The youth once more has the ability to bring about a change in their country. Youths seems to have the ability to face any challenge s and problems. They have a positive influence on their fellow young people. They are able to teach them the positive things in life. The ones whom are destroying their future, they tend to listen to their fellow youths. They will make them understand the importance of a good education. The wise youths that we have out there should be taken into consideration. Some of them, though educated are unemployed. They should be given an opportunity to expose their intelligence to the world and make themselves into someone. Some organisations and other firm should assist the youths so they can make our land a great and educated one. They will make a huge difference in society and the entire world. The youths are our life and nation. They will make our country proud. The country will be recognized. The youths just need the support from their fellow citizens and they will perform their duties. In conclusion, the role of the youth in the nation building is crucial. They are problem solvers, hav e a positive influence on other young people and the nation, and are extremely ambitious.They havethe ability to create an identity for themselves and move the nation forward. However, they will not be able to do this without the support of their Government and fellow youths. So the youths can make their beautiful land flourish and shine in success.http//www.teenink.com/hot_topics/all/article/533316/The-Role-of-the-Youth-in-Nation-Building-/I thought it would be better to discuss the role of youth in nations building. According to me, Youth is that spark which needs no ignition.Youth is that clay which can be molded in either shape one wants. In my belief, this is the sole reason for both exploitation and utilization of youth in the destruction and construction of any nation respectively. Yes, I agree that, youth is not given a proper chance to prove their potentials in countries like ours, but, The young , according to Pearl S. Buck, (a Nobel Laureate in literature) do not know en ough to be prudent, and therefore they attempt the insufferable, and achieve it, generation after generation. Isnt this single quotation of her is sufficient to act the whole nation? Or do we still need motivational quotes like the one above to recall our own potentials to attempt the impossible and achieve the success? It seems highly surprising that, we, the youth fail to demonstration the same enthusiasm in nations building which we frequently display for getting ahead in traffic?Have we very forgotten our responsibility towards our nation or that we are knowingly skipping the tasks to achieve development? It is observed that, the youth who always fight for enjoying their rights, never need to take up the pains of responsibility. According to me, Indian youth is socially responsible and moreover is working complicatedly to see India attain the developed status. galore(postnominal) educated youth had already realized the necessity of utilizing their skills for the bettermen t of the society but at the same time, the youth is also misguided to a larger extent by some evil sources making them dogmatic towards the society they live in. It is pathetic but true that, due to many a-problems that exists in todays world, youth is highly attracted and/or image towards evil sources. As a result, a huge destruction is occurring all over. It is true that, youth is

A Class Without A Teacher Essay

One of the just about awaited moment in school life- Absence of a teacher in class. This is the time when a classroom can change into a parliament, jungle, market or heretofore a mix of everything Gossip, food, naughtiness, laughter and craziness overrule books, law, discipline and silence. The most perfect time to relax and enjoy and exercise our right to liberty of everything we can think of. Beings students, our prime motive is to break rules, have gambol and cherish the good memories rather than crying over bad times, stable school rules, stay numb and dally like robots. Once a teacher enters the classroom, we find silence at its perfectness and everyone is busy with their assigned work. solely after all, students are students and once the teacher leaves, shall their true identities be revealed. article of belief by video conferencing makes a classroom without physical presence of teacher. This loving of advancement in teaching slowly minimizes the personal care and int eractional nature of teacher.Now, were focused on giving teachers the support they imply to excel in the classroom. That support should come in many forms, including personalized professional development, cutting-edge educational technology and state-of-the-art lesson plans. One of the things I hear most often when I talk to teachers is that theyre vehement for more chances to work together, to learn from each other. New teachers fatality repair access to colleagues with experience who can help them grow into the profession.Experienced teachers, likewise, want to become leaders in their schools by mentoring new teachers. I was tardily talking to teachers in Denver, an innovative school district that is trying some new approaches. They told me one of the best changes is a new emphasis to work in groups. They said the spirit of the collaboration reminds them of why they became teachers in the root place. Perhaps most importantly, teachers must have a voice in creating the future of teaching. They have a unique understanding of where their profession inevitably to go and what they need to do their best work for students. We have an duty to benefit from their wisdom. That is why all the work we do at the foundation is in partnership with teachers.

Oedipus by Thomas Blackburn Essay

There are many levels of pain, some of which are discomfort, grief, and agony. In his song Oedipus, Thomas Blackburn uses diction, imagery, and musical arrangement to create a tincture of worthless that unfeignedly exemplifies pain at its greatest, as well as a tone of feebleness and impotence.From the beginning of the verse, Blackburns diction suggests Oedipuss immorality and wretchedness. For example, Oedipuss shadow is monstrous, representing his horrific past and future as a monster. However, Oedipus is soon transformed into a weak and silver screen being. The metrical composition describes Oedipus as he gropes and stumbles, signifying his weakness and the effects of his self-inflicted blindness and handicap. The diction is very significant, as it provides insight on the actual story.Near the conclusion of the play, Oedipus is weak and blind not only to the physical world, but to the truth as well, resulting in his mother hanging herself, as seen in the poem in, and let this charwoman on the strangling cord. In the second to last verge of the poem, Blackburn symbolizes Oedipuss degeneration into death by discussing an apes carcase. The dead body of the animal shows Oedipuss final stage in life, from his powerful position in the palace to the carrion of the desert, and supports the tone of suffering and impotence.The many stages of Oedipuss nature, from his wickedness to his gloom, are effectively represent with Blackburns use of imagery. Blackburn quickly introduces the depravity of Oedipus, who has the odour of her body on his palms. This image refers to Oedipus, who sleeps with his mother and wife, Jocasta. Yet, without knowing the story, the image created is sinful itself in nature by the mood created by the odor of her body, which appears both intimate and sensual. In the next stanza, Blackburn depicts Oedipus as he gropes for the sages lips. This symbolizes Oedipuss realization of the truth, which Teresias, the sage has told Oedipus. Upo n piecing all the clues and knowledge together, Oedipus knows that he has been ignorant and avoiding his fateful fate.With Oedipus acknowledging the truth, Blackburn leads to the dominant image of Oedipus as he suffers the consequences of his unwise actions. After Oedipus is banishes from the land, he is seen as a newly born with his daughters leading him with nipperishhands. The proofreader can instantly envision Oedipus as a child weirdie through the desert, with his daughters ironically portrayed as his guardians. Oedipus loses the sense of sight and turns into a powerless creature with no spirit, represented by a child that is associated with a figure that is new to the world and knows nothing, including the truth, in Oedipuss case. Thus, the tradition of imagery develops Blackburns tone of suffering as Oedipus progresses toward what his fate has decreed. physical composition throughout the poem helps to portray and lay emphasis upon certain areas where Blackburns message a bout the fall of Oedipus and fate is evident. Analysis of the overall poem shows a decrease in Oedipuss character. He is first portrayed as a monster in the palace walls, but as the poem progresses, Oedipuss fall into destruction progresses as well. He begins to desperately seek the truth and when it is found, Oedipus becomes a confused and weak creature. Similarly, the beginning to the poem depicts Oedipus as he indulges himself in his desires. However the finish uping of the poem shows fateful birds flying overhead, symbolizing fate and how Oedipus eventually falls into submission and lowers himself as a person.The chronology also adds to the tone by allowing readers to slowly develop an sagacity of Oedipuss suffering and pain. The placement of Oedipuss demise at the end also adds emphasis to the message, since it is the last stanza that the reader reads and will remain in the readers mind the longest. It is clearly evident that the special organization of the poem helps to s upport the tone and message conveyed to the readers throughout the writing.From the introduction to the end, Blackburn unceasingly provides support for the tones of suffering and weakness. Through diction such as helpless, imagery of Oedipuss demise in the desert, and organization that created emphasis on certain clues, the tone and message is easily identified. Oedipus was truly a tragical story involving the fall of a king to a blind and powerless child, with the sad, horrific, and painful understanding of truth and fate integrated to create a dramatic play.

Ethical review form

1. What are the objectives of the investigate switch?The object of the explore project is to study the implications on the implementation of the various requirements of Trade Related Aspects of expert Property Rights (TRIPS) by the developing countries who are members of the World TradeOrganisation (WTO)2. Does the research mean NHS patients, resources or staff? If so, it is likely that full ethical review moldiness be obtained from the NHS process before the research can start. NO 3. Do you intend to collect primary selective entropy from human subjects or info that are identifiable with individuals? (This includes, for example, movementnaires and interviews.)NOIf you do not intend to collect much(prenominal) primary info then enrapture go to question 14.If you do intend to collect such primary data then please respond to ALL the questions 4 through 13. If you feel a question does not apply then please respond with n/a (for not applicable).4. What is the purpose of the p rimary data in the dissertation / research project? n/a 5. What is/are the survey population(s)? n/a 6. How big is the sample for each of the survey populations and how was this sample arrived at? n/a7. How will respondents be selected and recruited? n/a8. What steps are proposed to ensure that the requirements of conscious assent will be met for those taking part in the research? If an Information Sheet for participants is to be used, please attach it to this form. If not, please condone how you will be able to demonstrate that informed consent has been gained from participants.n/a 9. How will data be collected from each of the sample groups? n/a 10. How will data be stored and what will happen to the data at the end of the research? n/a11. How will confidentiality be ensure for respondents? n/a 12. What steps are proposed to safeguard the anonymity of the respondents? n/a 13. Are there all risks (physical or other, including reputational) to respondents that may depart from t aking part in this research? If so, please specify and declare what measures are proposed to deal with these risks. n/a 14. Will any data be obtained from a company or other government. YES / NO (please circle) For example, information provided by an employer or its employees. What steps are proposed to ensure that the requirements of informed consent will be met for that organisation? How will confidentiality be assured for the organisation?No data will be obtained from a company or other organization.15. Are there any risks (physical or other, including reputational) to the researcher or to the University that may consequence from conducting this research? If so, please specify and state what measures are proposed to manage these risks. No risks (physical or other, including reputational) to the researcher or to the University will result from conducting this research.16. Will the proposed research involve any of the following (please put a next to yes or no consult your super visor if you are unsure) unprotected groups (e.g. children)? NO Particularly sensitive topics? NO Access to respondents via gatekeepers? NO economic consumption of deception? NO Access to confidential personal data? NO Psychological stress, anxiety etc? NO Intrusive interventions? NO17. Are there any other ethical issues that may arise from the proposed research? NO

Integrated Marketing Plan Essay

Executive SummaryBackgroundStarted in 1960 by James and Tom Monaghan as a sm from from apiece cardinal single pizza pie pie neckcloth in Ypsilanti, Michigan, eye masks pizza pie has grown to to a greater extent(prenominal) than 10,000 collective and franchised stores in 70 countries. dominos pizza pie is recognized as the second largest pizza chain in the United States after pizza pie shack, and the largest worldwide.8 eye masks had spheric retail gross sales of e reallywhere $7.4 billion in 2012, comprised of over $3.5 billion in the U.S. and nearly $3.9 billion internationally. In the third quarter of 2013, dominos had globose retail sales of nearly $1.8 billion, comprised of $849 trillion in the U.S. and $935 million internationally.9 Focus on TechnologyFrom April 2011 to April 2012, eye masks reached an impressive $2 Billion in US digital from its apps on platforms such as Kindle Fire, Android, Windows 8 phone, and iPhone which like a shot cover nearly 95% of the U.S. smartphone marketplace. Digital sales, which include ready and computer casting, nowa years make up 40% of all dominos sales, an add from 30% in 2012.9 Problem reportBuilding on the success of Dominos yieldion re blemishing and technical innovations, the fellowships goal is to implement effective strategies that entrust increase its percentage of sales driven through the companys unsettled apps and online website.Situational AnalysisStrengths of the OrganizationDominos pizza pie is the second largest pizza chain in the United States and the world draw in pizza slant, with more than 10,000 corporate and franchised stores in over seventy countries (Corporate). Furthermore, Dominos pizza has been the recipient of pizza pie Today magazines stove of the Year award trine times back to back in 2010 and 2011 (Corporate). Over the years, Dominos has launched many industry innovations to keep them at the carousel of the ladder, figly the HeatWave bag, Domin os Tracker, and the Dominos pizza pie app (Corporate). This company has maintained great name brandrecognition and a strong distri thoion system (Corporate). Additionally, Dominos has maintained its status as a soci sufficiently liable company by go along its tenth annual Thanks & Giving Campaign for St. Jude Childrens seek Hospital (Press).Weaknesses of the OrganizationDespite its many strengths, Dominos pizza pie as well has some weaknesses. Dominos has a history of recent indiscretions with some of its employees. In 2009, two Dominos employees damaged the brand by pulling a prank that showed them violating health code sanitation standards (Clifford, 2009). Moreover in 2010, a North Carolina woman found a racial slur on her Dominos receipt (ABC, 2010). Dominos has long since repaired its in the public eye(predicate) image but now it essentialiness be extra c beful to maintain customer loyalty.Opport building blockies in the surroundingsAn opportunity for Dominos pizz a is loving media exposure. This exposure croup generate more attention from the stone pit market as they be the most likely to be represented on cordial media websites.Threats in the EnvironmentSome threats for Dominos Pizza include the incident that some of their products, specifically their sandwiches and desserts, may non seem healthy especially to a health-conscious consumer. As of now, economic setbacks such as wage increases fill affected Dominos Pizza beca handling some British employees beat been complaining about poor wages (Karphal, 2013). contention, and current industry allureer Pizza Hut, tornados many of the same products as Dominos. The company must determine the most effective method to set its products above its competitors. foodstuff AnalysisThe pizza peace of mindaurant industry is continuing to rise at a rate of about 1.6% (Barrett, 2012). Pizza Hut, Dominos Pizza, and protactinium Johns rank firstborn in sales and unit counts among all the differ ent chains (Barrett 2012). The pizza industry is a $40 billion industry that makes up approximately eleven percent of all restaurants in the nation (Franchise, 2013). Ninety- cardinal percent of Americans eat at to the lowest degree one pizza per month in the nation (Franchise, 2013). The trend with Americans now is to move toward take out and fast delivery food options or else than dining out (Franchise, 2013).Additionally, one of the best benefits of the pizza industry is its customization for consumer preferences and advanced versatility (Franchise 2013). The biggest pizza franchises, Pizza Hut, Dominos, pa Johns, and piddling Caesars lead in the US pizza industry (Franchise, 2013). However, Pizza Hut leads the refugee camp with a larger percentages of total sales (about 14.68% of all U.S. pizza sales) compargond with the rest (Barrett, 2012).Year Ending September 2012 (cite pmq)Consumer Behavior AnalysisDominos target audience is the age sort out of consumers 18-49 years old, both males and females. check to the pizza restaurant industry, the core pizza consumer is around the ages of 18 to 44 years old, with 75 percent to 77 percent of this age stem being a pizza restaurant consumer (Barrett, 2012). Of this age, nearly half (47%) of lot consider an online decreeing option essential when it comes to making decisions about buying pizza (Barrett, 2012). Moreover, among this percentile are the consumers aged 25-34 (57%) and those with three or more children (55% Barrett, 2012).Fortunately for Dominos, its emphasis on freshly engineering has helped to elevate the introduction of Dominos ordaining apps for iPhone, Android phones, Windows 8, and the Kindle Fire, which now cover nearly 95 percent of the US smartphone market (Corporate).Competitor AnalysisDominos three main competitors are Pizza Hut, Papa Johns, and Little Caesars. In fact, its biggest ambition currently is Pizza Hut. Pizza Hut currently leads the industry with about 15% of the mark et and its stores account for 11% of all pizzerias in the US (Barrett, 2012). Likewise, Pizza Huts product sufferings do not differ substantially from Dominos. It also offers its product at very competitive prices. Papa Johns and Little Caesars product offering differ slightly from Dominos in the sense that they do not offer pastas or sandwiches like Dominos. Little Caesars is the all pizza restaurant that does not offer the delivery option. Furthermore, even in social media ranking, namely Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, and Instagram, Pizza Hut leads in each category. Information from each of the 4most popular American pizza brands in respect to their popularity shows the followingAs demonstrated in the chart above, Pizza Hut leads the pack with 10.9 million likes, Dominos takes second place with about 8.8 million likes, Papa Johns is third with about 2.6 million likes, composition Little Caesars is fourth with 1.6 million likes. An article entitled Top American Pizza Brands in soc ial media illustrates more in detail the different pizza brands and how consumers view each their respective Facebook pages. With respect with the other(a) social media websites, Instagram and YouTube, here are the resultsAs you can see here, Pizza Hut again leads in this social media category with 3,213 YouTube subscribers and 19, 753 Instagram following. Dominos trails behind Pizza Hut with only 3,179 subscribers and 5,695 followers. Papa Johns was not accessible on these sites so they do not fox any representation in the above chart. Lastly, with Twitter, here are the resultsPizza Hut boasts 650,300 followers Dominos has 428,049 followers Papa Johns has 169,296 followers and Little Caesars has 25, 209 followers. It is important to prove the findings of each of these pizza companys social media rankings because the target age group are continuously on these sites to find information about each brand before they make a decision. According to Andrew Merrill, he states that 70% o f all consumers research online before making purchases or choosing service providers while 30% of consumers make purchasing decisions based on branding foot races (Merrill, 2013). It is important to ensure that Dominos has a significant presence online as it has globally.Target AudienceDominos target audience is males and females ages 18-49 reorient slightly female with a focus on mothers and heads of household responsible for making the dinner decision for their family.Product AnalysisDominos Pizza was long recognized for its inferior taste and quality. In a 2010 interview with Gayle King of The Gayle King Show on Oprah Radio, CEO, Patrick Doyle, acknowledged the unfavorable position of Dominos taste and quality. Since that time, Dominos Pizza has make a consorted effort to move the brand and image into a more favorably light. Offering many of the same products as its competitors pizza, breadsticks, chicken wings, Dominos Pizza must refer to find new, innovative ways to set itself a spokesperson from competitors and drive more consumers back to the Dominos brand.Marketing CampaignOur creative Dominos campaign is comprised of three break ins, which pull up stakes span the months of October to December 2014. According to the Dominos website, its busiest days of service, apart from Superbowl Sunday, fall on H awardeen, Thanksgiving Eve, and New Years Eve/ Day (Corporate). With this in mind, we provide conduct a series of mini campaigns within the larger one in order to pass a greater awareness of the ease and benefit of ordering online. The three parts of the campaign are as follows 1) increase online advertizings about the app technology through Facebook and YouTube 2) create a national pizza juicy with the primary goal being to drive sales through the app 3) generate a global competition in which interested contestants must create a short YouTube commercialized showing the benefits of ordering with the app technology. The first part of our campa ign pull up stakes help to make the public aware of the benefits of ordering online, whether on the computer or with a phone/iPad/Kindle app. According to a YouTube article, in the US, online video ads when combined with television system ads create a 35% rise in brand recall, a 53% increase in message recall and a 31% rise in likeability over television alone (YouTube, 2012).Therefore, we pull up stakes increase advertisements on all the social media websites more, namely Facebook and YouTube because they require some cost. Facebook ads require $350 for three months of advertising. Facebook allows the user to target the specific audience based on age, sex, interests/hobbies, language, etc. YouTube ads, on the other circulate, impart be ads placed in the videos. These ads are known as in-video overlay ads (Kim, 2012). These ads play before or during the video and viewers look at the option to skip the ad (with no cost to the owner) or to consider the advertisement (with cost to the owner). The costof these ads are anywhere from $0.10 to $0.30 each. We expect the first part of this campaign to run for all the three months. The second part of our campaign leave behinding involve the creation of an app game within the brisk Dominos app. This game, which will run from October 30th -November 30th, will allow players the ability to win a free pizza if they win the game. The rules of the game are that three times a week (Monday, Wednesday, and Friday), consumers will score to guess the correct pizza toppings in the correct quantity, crust, and size selected by a different Dominos executive or employee.If the consumer chooses the correct type of pizza, they will win that pizza for the day or have the option to change the toppings only. In the event that there is more than one winner for the day, each of their names will be placed in a raffle and only one name will be selected for the free pizza prize. Only players who have the Dominos app will be able to p lay this game. The third part of our campaign involves a global competition that will involve all the different global Dominos pizza restaurants. In this part, interested participants will be given the ability to design a creative commercial utilize the Dominos app to order a pizza. The video must be 2-5 minutes in length and the participants must like Dominos Facebook page, follow its Twitter and Instagram page, and subscribe to its YouTube page in order to participate. They must tweet their video to Dominos main Twitter page. This competition will be open for the first two weeks in December. after that time, each video will be assessed according to creativity, length, and content. The winner will be announced in the third week of December. The winner of the global competition will win the ultimate prize of having Dominos cater to their next party or event. This will go hand in hand with two of the biggest days in Dominos busiest selling days. Dominos will provide its pizza, sides , drinks, and desserts to the winner. The number of pizzas will be limited to 10 boxes, with the selection of each type of sides and desserts, and 10 2-liter drinks.Marketing ObjectiveDominos Pizza objective for the 2013 trade campaign is to increase busy app sales by 7%. This will be achieved through commercial advertisement and social media interaction which will make the customer aware that no matter the consumers location, they are able to order lunchor dinner in less than a minute. Another objective is to increase the quantity of loyal customers by 5%. In 2009, dominoes received a bundle of feedback from their customers that the pizza was not authentic or fresh and tasted disgusting. The most common complaint was that the pizza crust taste like cardboard (Fera 2013). This objective could advantageously be achieved in general through commercial advertisement or special offers from local stores.Marketing StrategiesDominos Pizza will use customs and nontraditional media to a ttract new and old customers encouraging them to try our new and improved products. For the convenience of the customer we encourage them to order dominos products mainly through their website and industrious app. In order to increase sales we imply to battlefully advertise through the companys website, social media and television commercials. A. Our schema to market our mobile app is to first make it known to the customers that we demonstrable an app on any smartphone device for free. By making customers aware of this mobile app, it could increase Dominos product sales. The company aims to innovate a creative commercial showing how easy it is to download and utilize their mobile app. Once Dominos feel comfortable that they reached enough of their target customers, the company can then offer hot deals for the customer if they order pizza and other products through the mobile app only. Even if the customer prefers to order on Dominos website, the mobile app allows the customer to keep track of when the order should wee the front door of their house no matter where they are located. The quick a customer can order lunch or dinner, the fast the order is delivered to the customer. The Dominos mobile app is built for that particular customer who is everlastingly on the go and needs to place a quick order with the ability to check the process of the placed order anywhere. B. In order for Dominos to increase the quantity of loyal customers by 5%, they need to aggressively explain to consumer that they have redeveloped and revamped their products to the satisfaction of their customers wants for quality pizza. This could be evince though commercial advertisement and social media. Commercial advertisement will express to the customers that Dominos listened to the feedback of previous customers and have currently re-innovated their pizza product to consumers satisfaction.But the fallback of their refurbishedproduct is that most of their old customer are unawar e of their changes which led them to other pizza companies. With that said, local Domino stores should offer a pizza launch for families in the neighborhood to try one of their favorite 1-topping medium size pizza. This allows the customer to taste the quality of Dominos refurbished pizza products. Building brand loyalty and changing the customers perspective of their products is very important to increasing sales. Dominos website, www.pizzaturnaround.com, is a great way for capableness or old customers to review how much Dominos redeveloped their pizza product basically from scratch (Bodnar 2010). Many people were misguided by what other customers said years ago causing future customer alarm from ordering Dominos Pizza. C. As for our media objective, we strategize that we can have a nationwide contest which will allow consumers to make a commercial on how they eat their pizza. Unique videos will have the chance to be selected and run on Dominos profile page. This can be implemente d through YouTube, Vine, and Instagram. Social media is an important tool for Dominos to offer hot deals without the customer going to the companys website. They can easily check current events and coupon deal that Dominos promote on a daily basis. Customers the utilize social media could encourage fellow followers on their network to purchase Dominos Pizza products in order to experience the same great taste that they enjoy.EvaluationThe media market political program proposed will be effective because consumer trends are being followed and aggressive advertisement are being carefully placed in the media targeting youthfulness adults and families frequently. To determine whether or not our media plan will work, each strategy must be implemented carefully and effectively to ensure that Dominos objectives are met. As we continue to implement our marketing and media strategy, we will analyze the customers interaction with the Dominos website and mobile app. This analysis will deter mine the general performance of our media plan displaying if we need to revamp our plan or continue with the plan at hand. Implementing this media plan will help ensure Dominos Pizza that they will remain the leader in pizza delivery while increasing sales.BudgetDominos Pizza creative campaign based on fast delivery with the use of the Dominos website and mobile app. The campaign budget of $250,000 includes advertisement expenditures on billboard, transit, adventure fund, social media, promotional items and search engine optimization. Billboard advertisement will consist of 8% of the budget because it seems more logic to focus on other advertisement tools even though billboards are great in certain areas. As for Maryland, displaying your business on a billboard is not the most effective advertisement tool since people have spat viewing the billboard while driving. The amount for this medium is $20,000. For transit advertisement we consider this tool to be 12% of the budget coming up $30,000. Many working mother and young adults continuously take public transportation. This will be a great way for Dominos to opening their brand name throughout the nation. Social media is the most important part of the budget at 32% because it is the most convenient for communication among Dominos and the public. This part of the budget will oppose $80,000. Every plan needs a backup plan just in reference the initial strategy doesnt execute the goals we need in order to successfully implement our media plan. The contingency fund for our Dominos media campaign will be 14% at $35,000. Search engine optimization is also a great way for Dominos to expand their brand name when people are searching other topics on the net. This medium would be worth 18% of the budget at the amount of $45,000. And last but not least the promotional item of the budget will equal $40,000 for 16% of the budget. This concludes the budget for our media campaign.Works Cited1. Bodnar, Kipp. (2010). B2B Social Media Lessons from Dominos Pizza Turnaround Campaign. Retrieved November 28,2013 from http//socialmediab2b.com/2010/01/dominos-pizza-turnaround-campaign/ 2. Alfs, Lizzy. (2013). Whats next for dominos Pizza? CEO Patrick Doyle outlines some goals. Retrieved November 26, 2013 from http//www.annarbor.com/business-review/whats-next-for-dominos-pizza-ceo-patrick-doyle-outlines-some-goals/. 3. Dominos Pizza Inc. (2013). Retrieved December 11, 2013 from http//topics.nytimes.com/top/news/business/companies/dominos-pizza-inc/index.html. 4. Inside Dominos. (2013). Retrieved November 26, 2013

4 Paragraphs Essay

-My room is in a mess because I had a party with my best friends last night. I have to average my room before my mom arrives from work. The underwear is hanging on the lamp, my books are all jammed in the closet, the scarf is beneath the TV and my dress is under the bed.-We have the best cafeteria, they byer different type of foods, the food menu is so big it consists of Arabian, Indian, American, Mexican and Chinese food. They have a particular Indian dish called Chicken Tekka Masala its a dish of roasted yellow chunks in a spicy sauce. Breakfast Burritos is a special Mexican food that contains Eggs, bacon, salsa, sour cream and cheddar cheese wrap in a flour tortilla, hot sauce is optional. My best-loved dish in the cafeteria menu is Shawarma, its an Arabian food made with chicken and bread.See more Distinguish between problem-focused coping and emotion-focused coping see-David is a dangerous driver, I hate the representation he drives the car, he either drive too slow or too fast. adept day we were in the Himalayan mountains, he was behind the steering parkway uphill, he was driving so fast we almost fell of the cliff. The way he brakes the car is so scary, it reminds me of how my grandmother drives.Neighbors are so important if they are willing to help you in time of need. My favorite neighbor is Mrs. Shirley , I remember the day when the government cut off our water, she was the first one there to help us, she even offered us to deposit at her place. She is so generous and I like the way she hosts me.

Positive and Negative Reinforcements

imperative and prejudicious advantage compulsory Reinforcement substantiative and Negative Reinforcement What are coercive Reinforcement and Negative Reinforcemens? Positive and ban accompaniment are utilise in just about of the three theories. Negative wages is used in bearingism, where it involves the removal of an nasty input call attention when a craved demeanor occurs. Positive Reinforcement is a technique used to increase desired sort and is used in operant learn.Positive backup is offering of desirable effects or consequences for a conduct with the intention of increasing desired manner. Positive and Negative livelihood are used or used in the theories of holding whether it is innate or knowledgeable behavior (King 2010). Positive Reinforcement and mule drivers experiment muleteer experimented using peremptory living, with a vomitus and came to the conclusion that with a stimulus or positive financial support a dirty dog buttocks learn to rec eive food by atmospheric pressure a chevron. With Skinners experiments with the rat he discovered law of effect.Skinners approach to operant conditioning involved the justice of Effect stating that behavior followed by positive outcomes is strengthened and that behaviors followed by invalidating outcomes are weakened. This means that positive outcomes for behaviors are strengthening to an individual and negative outcomes weaken the behavior of the individual, on that pointfore receiving a positive reinforcement or riposte will increase the likelihood of the behavior occurring (King, 2010). defining Shaping is one of the first-year steps of operant conditioning, which is rewarding approximations of a desired behavior.An example the book gives is a rat can be mold or trained to press a bar to eat. It is not possible for the rat to receive food when being placed in the Skinner box. The experimenter began to give the rat food pellets when the rat is close to the bar. The rat b egins to gain the reward and continues to press the bar, which is Positive reinforcement. Later the experimenter only rewards the rat with a pellet when rat is 2inches from the bar. After rewarding for being inwardly 2inches the rat will have to theme song the bar for reward, leading to the rat, pressing he bar and receiving food. When the rat presses bar thats where reinforcement comes in, which is the process by which a rewarding stimulus or event pursuit a particular behavior increases the probability that the behavior will carry on again, the rat now sees that if it presses the bar it receives food, therefore the rat continues to press the bar to receive food. The behavior continues to happen due to the stimulus of food, which is reinforcement (King, 2010). Positive and Negative Reinforcement There is positive and negative reinforcement indoors operant conditioning.Positive reinforcement is get a positive result from the stimulus in turn a negative reinforcement is a behav ior of doing something due to a negative stimulus. There are two types of reinforcement primary and secondary reinforcement. Primary reinforcement is innate which is not well-educated or conditioned Secondary reinforcement (King, 2010). Generalization, Discrimination, and Extinction The next 3 key concept of continent conditioning is generalization, discrimination, and extinction. First is generalization which is performing a positive reinforced behavior in a diverse situation.An example of generalization is having three classes and deciding to study for one of the classes both shadow. Eventually an individual will begin to study every night in all three of their classes. The second discrimination is responding appropriately to stimuli that signal that a behavior will or will not be reinforced. The book gives an example of a restaurant that gives school nestling discounts if the student shows there student identification card and how if someone who is not a student shows their identification card might get a puzzled look.The detain is extinction, which is a decrease in the frequency of a behavior when the behavior is no longer reinforced. Extinction is without the same stimuli and the reinforcement ceases to exist (King, 2010). Schedules of Positive and Negative Reinforcement The patterns that determine when a behavior will be reinforced positively or negatively are schedules of reinforcement, which can be negative and positive reinforcement. The four different types of schedules are variable interval, unflinching interval, variable dimension, and fixed ratio. Variable-interval is a agetable where behavior is reinforced after(prenominal) a certain amount of time has went by.A fixed interval applies to procrastination which is when the first behavior is reinforced after a fixed amount of time has passed. An example of fixed interval is a kindergartener that does not get a bad check mark all week receives candy at the end of the week. A fixed ratio re inforces a behavior after a set number of behaviors. Fixed ratio can be applied to the lottery, because you never know when you will win. The last is variable ratio that is when behaviors are rewarded an average number of times but on an maverick basis (King, 2010). Punishment Punishment is a consequence that decreases the likelihood that a behavior will occur.Operant Conditioning consists of two types of punishment positive and negative. Positive punishment is presentation of an unpleasant stimulus following a assumption behavior in order to decrease the frequency of that behavior. Yelling at your child until they loose their path would be an example of positive punishment, because if they clean their room the yelling will stop. Negative punishment is the opposite the removal of a positive stimulus following a given behavior in order to decrease the frequency of that behavior. Negative reinforcement can be telling your child if you dont clean your room I will be taking your pho ne away.You will be removing the cell phone if they dont clean their room, therefore it is much likely for that child to clean their room. Both positive and negative reinforcement are used in punishment (King, 2010). Positive, Negative Reinforcement, and Timing Whether positive reinforcement or negative reinforcement timing is an important flavour in reinforcement and punishment. Immediate reinforcement is break than delayed reinforcement because delayed reinforcement means that an individual has to wait for their reward (reinforcement) and for puppylike children that can be hard to comprehend.Immediate punishment is more effective with five-year-old children because if you delay their punishment the child is more likely to act that behavior again. The last type is immediate with delayed reinforcement and punishment. The book catch Psychology gives an example of the three an individual putting off vent to the dentist to avoid a punisher, such as pain, but wait could contribu te to greater pain later. Applied behavior analysis is applying operant conditioning to change human behavior. This analysis looks for rewards that are creating bad behavior and enhances rewards to gain good behavior. King, 2010). Three Theories Together Behaviorism, operant conditioning, and classical conditioning are different theories on how individuals learn and use positive or negative reinforcement. Behaviorism focuses on observable behavior solely, uses negative reinforcement and that is what makes it different from the other theories. Classical conditioning has two stimuli (King, 2010) an example of classical conditioning is a child smelling a beautiful vizor and is stung by a bee within the flower.Classical conditioning uses negative reinforcement, because it teaches the child that that flower caused the pain and they are more likely not to touch the flower again. The child associates the pain with the flower and is now fearful of the flower. each theory has good and bad points, but my thought is behavior is learned with rewards, therefore human behavior is better with some sort of reward such as positive or negative (reinforcement) (King, 2010). Conclusion Positive and Negative Reinforcement Positive and negative reinforcement are used in behaviorism, classical conditioning, and operant conditioning.Many believe one works better than the other, but it depends on the situation whether negative or positive reinforcement will be used. I believe that Positive reinforcement is the best, because getting a reward makes an individual more likely to increase the desired behavior. Negative reinforcement to me can be stressful to an individual, because if they dont do what they are supposed to do something could be taken from them (King, 2010). References King, L. (2010) incur psychology McGraw-Hill, Avenue of Americas. New York, NY 10020. (p. 167-177).